1. What you’ve learned in these chemistry tutorials
These tutorials covered the following topics. The links next to the topics take you back to the specific areas of the tutorial that you might want to review.
- The structure of atoms (Atoms)
- The chemical symbols of the most common atoms (Drawing Atoms)
- How to read a chemical formula (Drawing Atoms)
- Key chemistry terms
- element (Atoms)
- compound (Elements, Compounds, Formulas, and Molecules)
- molecule (Elements, Compounds, Formulas, and Molecules)
- ions (Ionic Bonds)
- The “Octet Rule” for electron configuration (Drawing Atoms)
- Ionic Bonds (Ionic Bonds)
- Covalent Bonds (Covalent Bonds)
- Structural Formulas (Covalent Bonds)
2. A Basic Chemistry Final Quiz
If you learned the material above, you should do pretty well on the post-test below. Good luck!
[qwiz repeat_incorrect=”true”; style = “border: 3px solid black; ” qrecord_id=”sciencemusicvideosMeister1961-Basic Chemistry Final quiz (M3)”]
[h] Final Quiz: Basic Chemistry
[i] This quiz covers key concepts and terms in this series of tutorials on basic chemistry. After each question, you’ll get feedback about your answer.
[q topic=”atomic structure and drawing atoms”]The building block of matter is the
[c]IG51Y2xldXM=[Qq]
[c]IGF0 b20=[Qq]
[c]IHByb3Rvbg==[Qq]
[c]IGVsZWN0cm9u[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBUaGUgbnVjbGV1cyBpcyB0aGUgY2VudHJhbCBwYXJ0IG9mIHRoZSBidWlsZGluZyBibG9jayBvZiBtYXR0ZXIuIFdoYXQgd291bGQgeW91IGNhbGwgdGhlIHVuaXQgdGhhdCBtYWtlcyB1cCB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cyBwbHVzIHRoZSBlbGVjdHJvbnM/[Qq]
[f]IENvcnJlY3QuIEF0b21zIGFyZSB0aGUgYnVpbGRpbmcgYmxvY2tzIG9mIG1hdHRlci4=[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBQcm90b25zIGFyZSBmb3VuZCBpbiB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4gV2hhdCB3b3VsZCB5b3UgY2FsbCB0aGUgdW5pdCB0aGF0IG1ha2VzIHVwIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzIHBsdXMgdGhlIGVsZWN0cm9ucz8=[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBFbGVjdHJvbnMgb3JiaXQgb3V0c2lkZSB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4gV2hhdCB3b3VsZCB5b3UgY2FsbCB0aGUgdW5pdCB0aGF0IG1ha2VzIHVwIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzIHBsdXMgdGhlIGVsZWN0cm9ucz8=
Cg==[Qq]
[q topic=”atomic structure and drawing atoms”]Electrons are found in
[c]IHRoZSBudWNsZXVz[Qq]
[c]IGVuZXJneS BsZXZlbHM=[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBUaGUgbnVjbGV1cyBpcyB0aGUgY2VudHJhbCBwYXJ0IG9mIHRoZSBhdG9tLCB3aGVyZSBwcm90b25zIGFuZCBuZXV0cm9ucyBhcmUgZm91bmQu[Qq]
[f]IENvcnJlY3QuIEVsZWN0cm9ucyBhcmUgZm91bmQgaW4gZW5lcmd5IGxldmVscw==IG9yIA==c2hlbGxzLg==[Qq]
[q topic=”elements, compounds, molecules, formulas”]An element is composed of
[c]IE9ubHkgb25lIHR5 cGUgb2YgYXRvbQ==[Qq]
[c]IEF0IGxlYXN0IHR3byB0eXBlcyBvZiBhdG9tcw==[Qq]
[c]IE9ubHkgYXRvbXMgdGhhdCBoYXZlIGxvc3QgdGhlaXIgZWxlY3Ryb25z[Qq]
[f]IFllcy4gQW4gZWxlbWVudCBpcyBhIHN1YnN0YW5jZSB0aGF0IGlzIGNvbXBvc2VkIG9mIG9ubHkgb25lIHR5cGUgb2YgYXRvbS4=[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBTdWJzdGFuY2VzIGNvbXBvc2VkIG9mIHR3byBvciBtb3JlIHR5cGVzIG9mIGF0b21zIGFyZSBjb21wb3VuZHMgKGFuZCB3ZSYjODIxNztsbCBsZWFybiBtb3JlIGFib3V0IHRoZW0gbGF0ZXIu[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBXaGlsZSBhbiBhdG9tIG1pZ2h0IHRlbXBvcmFyaWx5IGxvc2UgaXRzIGVsZWN0cm9ucyAobW9yZSBhYm91dCB0aGF0IGxhdGVyKSwgdGhlcmUgYXJlIG5vIHN1YnN0YW5jZXMgdGhhdCBhcmUgY29tcG9zZWQgb2YgYXRvbXMgdGhhdCBoYXZlIGxvc3QgdGhlaXIgZWxlY3Ryb25zLg==
Cg==wqA=[Qq]
[q topic=”elements, compounds, molecules, formulas”]Which of the following could NOT be the chemical symbol for an element
[c]IEZl[Qq]
[c]IEhl Zw==[Qq]
[c]IEk=[Qq]
[c]IE1u[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBDaGVtaWNhbCBzeW1ib2xzIGNvbnNpc3Qgb2Ygb25lIG9yIHR3byBsZXR0ZXJzLiBUaGUgZmlyc3QgKG9yIG9ubHkpIGxldHRlciBpcyBjYXBpdGFsaXplZC4gVGhlIHNlY29uZCBsZXR0ZXIgaXMgbG93ZXJjYXNlLiAmIzgyMjA7RmUmIzgyMjE7IGlzIGEgbGVnaXRpbWF0ZSBzeW1ib2wmIzgyMzA7dGhlIHN5bWJvbCBmb3IgdGhlIGxldHRlciBJcm9uLg==[Qq]
[f]IFllczogJiM4MjIwO0hlZyYjODIyMTsgY291bGQgTk9UIGJlIGEgY2hlbWljYWwgc3ltYm9sIGZvciBhbiBlbGVtZW50LiBDaGVtaWNhbCBzeW1ib2xzIGNvbnNpc3Qgb2Ygb25lIG9yIHR3byBsZXR0ZXJzLiBUaGUgZmlyc3QgKG9yIG9ubHkpIGxldHRlciBpcyBjYXBpdGFsaXplZC4gVGhlIHNlY29uZCBsZXR0ZXIgaXMgbG93ZXJjYXNlLiBXaXRoIHRocmVlIGxldHRlcnMsICYjODIyMDtIZWcmIzgyMjE7IGlzIG5vdCBhIGxlZ2l0aW1hdGUgY2hlbWljYWwgc3ltYm9sLsKg[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBDaGVtaWNhbCBzeW1ib2xzIGNvbnNpc3Qgb2Ygb25lIG9yIHR3byBsZXR0ZXJzLiBUaGUgZmlyc3QgKG9yIG9ubHkpIGxldHRlciBpcyBjYXBpdGFsaXplZC4gVGhlIHNlY29uZCBsZXR0ZXIgaXMgbG93ZXJjYXNlLiAmIzgyMjA7SSYjODIyMTsgaXMgYSBsZWdpdGltYXRlIHN5bWJvbCYjODIzMDt0aGUgc3ltYm9sIGZvciB0aGUgZWxlbWVudCBJb2RpbmUu[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBDaGVtaWNhbCBzeW1ib2xzIGNvbnNpc3Qgb2Ygb25lIG9yIHR3byBsZXR0ZXJzLiBUaGUgZmlyc3QgKG9yIG9ubHkpIGxldHRlciBpcyBjYXBpdGFsaXplZC4gVGhlIHNlY29uZCBsZXR0ZXIgaXMgbG93ZXJjYXNlLiAmIzgyMjA7TW4mIzgyMjE7IGlzIGEgbGVnaXRpbWF0ZSBzeW1ib2wmIzgyMzA7dGhlIHN5bWJvbCBmb3IgdGhlIGVsZW1lbnQgTWFuZ2FuZXNl
Cg==wqA=[Qq]
[q topic=”elements, compounds, molecules, formulas”]”Ca” is the chemical symbol for
[c]Q2FkbWl1bQ==[Qq]
[c]Q2FyYm9u[Qq]
[c]Q2FuYWRpdW0=[Qq]
[c]Q2FsY2 l1bQ==[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBDYWRtaXVtIGlzIGEgc29mdCwgYmx1aXNoLXdoaXRlIG1ldGFsIHRoYXQgeW91JiM4MjE3O2xsIGhlYXIgdmVyeSBsaXR0bGUgYWJvdXQgaW4gYmFzaWMgYmlvbG9neSBjb3Vyc2VzLiBJdHMgc3ltYm9sIGlzICYjODIyMDtDZC4mIzgyMjE7[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBDYXJib24mIzgyMTc7cyBzeW1ib2wgaXMgJiM4MjIwO0MuJiM4MjIxOyBZb3Ugc2hvdWxkIGxlYXJuIHRoaXMgd2VsbCBiZWNhdXNlIGNhcmJvbiBpcyBwcm9iYWJseSB0aGUgbW9zdCBpbXBvcnRhbnQgZWxlbWVudCBpbiBiaW9sb2d5Lg==[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBUaGVyZSYjODIxNztzIG5vIHN1Y2ggZWxlbWVudCBhcyBDYW5hZGl1bSE=[Qq]
[f]IFllcy7CoFRoZSBjaGVtaWNhbCBzeW1ib2wgZm9yIGNhbGNpdW0gaXMgJiM4MjIwO0NhLiYjODIyMTs=
Cg==[Qq]
[q topic=”atomic structure and drawing atoms”] Potassium has 19 protons, 19 neutrons, and 19 electrons. Following the Octet Rule for placing electrons in energy levels, which of the following arrangements is correct?
[c]wqBUZW4gZWxlY3Ryb25zIGluIHRoZSBmaXJzdMKgZW5lcmd5IGxldmVsLCBuaW5lIGluIHRoZSBzZWNvbmQu[Qq]
[c]IFR3byBlbGVjdHJvbnMgaW4gdGhlIGZpcnN0wqBlbmVyZ3kgbGV2ZWwsIGVpZ2h0IGluIHRo ZSBzZWNvbmQsIGVpZ2h0IGluIHRoZSB0aGlyZCwgYW5kIG9uZSBpbiB0aGUgZm91cnRoLg==[Qq]
[c]wqBUd28gZWxlY3Ryb25zIGluIHRoZSBmaXJzdMKgZW5lcmd5IGxldmVsLCB0ZW7CoGluIHRoZSBzZWNvbmQsIGFuZCBzZXZlbiBpbiB0aGUgdGhpcmQu[Qq]
[f]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[Qq]
[f]IE5pY2Ugam9iISBJbiBQb3Rhc3NpdW0sIHdpdGggMTkgZWxlY3Ryb25zLCB0aGUgZmlyc3QgdHdvIGVsZWN0cm9ucyBnbyBpbnRvIHRoZSBmaXJzdMKgZW5lcmd5IGxldmVsLiBUaGUgbmV4dCA4IGdvIGludG8gdGhlIHNlY29uZMKgZW5lcmd5IGxldmVsLiBUaGUgbmV4dCA4IGdvIGludG8gdGhlIHRoaXJkwqBlbmVyZ3kgbGV2ZWwuIFRoYXQgbGVhdmVzIG9uZSBlbGVjdHJvbiBmb3IgdGhlIGZvdXJ0aMKgZW5lcmd5IGxldmVsLg==
Cg==[Qq]
[f]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
Cg==wqA=[Qq]
[q topic=”elements, compounds, molecules, formulas”]How many individual atoms are found in a molecule of CH4O?
[c]Mw==[Qq]
[c]NA==[Qq]
[c]Ng ==[Qq]
[f]IE5vLsKgVGhlcmUgYXJlIHRocmVlIGVsZW1lbnRzIGluIHRoaXMgbW9sZWN1bGU6IGNhcmJvbiAoQyksIGh5ZHJvZ2VuIChIKSwgYW5kIG94eWdlbiAoTykuIFRoZSBsYWNrIG9mIGEgc3Vic2NyaXB0IG5leHQgdG8gdGhlIGNhcmJvbiBhbmQgb3h5Z2VuIGluZGljYXRlcyBvbmUgYXRvbSBvZiBlYWNoLiBUaGUgc3Vic2NyaXB0ICYjODIyMDs0JiM4MjIxOyBuZXh0IHRvIHRoZSBoeWRyb2dlbiAoSA==NA==KSBpbmRpY2F0ZXMgdGhhdCB0aGVyZSBhcmUgZm91ciBoeWRyb2dlbiBhdG9tcy4gNCArIDEgKyAxID0gNiB0b3RhbCBhdG9tcy7CoA==[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBZb3UgbWlnaHQgaGF2ZSBiZWVuIGNvbmZ1c2VkIGJ5IHRoZSA0IG5leHQgdG8gdGhlIEggKEg=NA==KS4gSGVyZSYjODIxNztzIGhvdyBpdCB3b3JrczrCoFRoZXJlIGFyZSB0aHJlZSBlbGVtZW50cyBpbiB0aGlzIG1vbGVjdWxlOiBjYXJib24gKEMpLCBoeWRyb2dlbiAoSCksIGFuZCBveHlnZW4gKE8pLiBUaGUgbGFjayBvZiBhIHN1YnNjcmlwdCBuZXh0IHRvIHRoZSBjYXJib24gYW5kIG94eWdlbiBpbmRpY2F0ZXMgb25lIGF0b20gb2YgZWFjaC4gVGhlIHN1YnNjcmlwdCAmIzgyMjA7NCYjODIyMTsgbmV4dCB0byB0aGUgaHlkcm9nZW4gKEg=NA==KSBpbmRpY2F0ZXMgdGhhdCB0aGVyZSBhcmUgZm91ciBoeWRyb2dlbiBhdG9tcy4gNCArIDEgKyAxID0gNiB0b3RhbCBhdG9tcy7CoA==[Qq]
[f]IFllcy7CoFRoZXJlIGFyZSB0aHJlZSBlbGVtZW50cyBpbiB0aGlzIG1vbGVjdWxlOiBjYXJib24gKEMpLCBoeWRyb2dlbiAoSCksIGFuZCBveHlnZW4gKE8pLiBUaGUgbGFjayBvZiBhIHN1YnNjcmlwdCBuZXh0IHRvIHRoZSBjYXJib24gYW5kIG94eWdlbiBpbmRpY2F0ZXMgb25lIGF0b20gb2YgZWFjaC4gVGhlIHN1YnNjcmlwdCAmIzgyMjA7NCYjODIyMTsgbmV4dCB0byB0aGUgaHlkcm9nZW4gKEg=NA==KSBpbmRpY2F0ZXMgdGhhdCB0aGVyZSBhcmUgZm91ciBoeWRyb2dlbiBhdG9tcy4gNCArIDEgKyAxID0gNiB0b3RhbCBhdG9tcy4=
Cg==[Qq]
[q topic=”elements, compounds, molecules, formulas”]The smallest part of a compound that still has the properties of that compound would be a(n)
[c]bW9sZW N1bGU=[Qq]
[c]YXRvbQ==[Qq]
[c]aW9u[Qq]
[f]IFllcy7CoEEgbW9sZWN1bGXCoGlzIHRoZSBzbWFsbGVzdCB1bml0IG9mIGEgY29tcG91bmQgdGhhdCBzdGlsbCBoYXMgYWxsIG9mIHRoZSBwcm9wZXJ0aWVzIG9mIHRoYXQgY29tcG91bmQuwqA=[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBBdG9tcyBhcmUgdGhlIGJ1aWxkaW5nIGJsb2NrcyBvZiBtYXR0ZXIuIEJ1dCBjb21wb3VuZHMgKGNvbWJpbmF0aW9ucyBvZiBjaGVtaWNhbGx5IGJvbmRlZCBhdG9tcykgaGF2ZSBwcm9wZXJ0aWVzIHRoYXQgYXJlIHZlcnkgZGlmZmVyZW50IGZyb20gdGhlIGF0b21zIHRoYXQgbWFrZSB0aGVtIHVwLiBUaGUgc21hbGxlc3QgdW5pdCBvZiBhIGNvbXBvdW5kIHRvIHN0aWxsIGhhdmUgdGhhdCBjb21wb3VuZCYjODIxNztzIGNoZW1pY2FsIHByb3BlcnRpZXMgd291bGQgYmUgYSA=bW9sZWN1bGU=LsKg[Qq]
[f]wqBOby4gSW9ucyBhcmUgYXRvbXMgdGhhdCBoYXZlIGxvc3QgZWxlY3Ryb25zLCBhbmQgdGhlcmVieSBnYWluZWQgYW4gZWxlY3RyaWNhbCBjaGFyZ2UuIA==Q29tcG91bmRzIGFyZSBjb21iaW5hdGlvbnMgb2YgY2hlbWljYWxseSBib25kZWQgYXRvbXMuwqBUaGUgc21hbGxlc3QgdW5pdCBvZiBhIGNvbXBvdW5kIHRvIHN0aWxsIGhhdmUgdGhhdCBjb21wb3VuZCYjODIxNztzIGNoZW1pY2FsIHByb3BlcnRpZXMgd291bGQgYmUgYSA=bW9sZWN1bGU=Lg==
[Qq]
[q topic=”ionic bonds”]The type of chemical bond that would result from the electron swapping shown below is a(n)
[c]Y292YWxlbnQgYm9uZA==[Qq]
[c]aW9uaWMg Ym9uZA==[Qq]
[c]aHlkcm9nZW7CoGJvbmQ=[Qq]
[f]wqBOby4gQ292YWxlbnQgYm9uZHMgcmVzdWx0IHdoZW4gYXRvbXMgc2hhcmUgZWxlY3Ryb25zIChhcyBvcHBvc2VkIHRvIHN3YXBwaW5nIHRoZW0sIHdoaWNoIGlzIHdoYXQgaXMgc2hvd24gaW4gdGhpcyBkaWFncmFtKS4gVGhpcyB0eXBlIG9mIHN3YXAgaXMgdGhlIGJhc2lzIGZvciBhbiA=aW9uaWM=IGJvbmQuwqA=
Cg==[f]wqBZZXMuIEluIGlvbmljIGJvbmRzLCBhdG9tcyBzd2FwIGVsZWN0cm9ucy4gRWxlY3Ryb24gc3dhcHBpbmcgcmVzdWx0cyBpbiBjaGFyZ2VkIGlvbnMsIHdoaWNoIGJvbmQgd2l0aCBvbmUgYW5vdGhlciBiZWNhdXNlIG9mIHRoZWlyIG9wcG9zaXRlIGVsZWN0cmljYWwgY2hhcmdlcy7CoA==
Cg==[f]IE5vLiBBIGh5ZHJvZ2VuIGJvbmQgaXMgYSBib25kIGJldHdlZW4gbW9sZWN1bGVzLiBUaGUga2luZCBvZiBlbGVjdHJvbiB0cmFkaW5nIHNob3duIGFib3ZlIHJlc3VsdHMgaW4gY2hhcmdlZCBpb25zLCB3aGljaCBib25kIHdpdGggb25lIGFub3RoZXIgYmVjYXVzZSBvZiB0aGVpciBvcHBvc2l0ZSBlbGVjdHJpY2FsIGNoYXJnZXMuIFRoZSByZXN1bHRpbmcgYm9uZCBpcyBpb25pY8KgKHNlZSBiZWxvdyk=
Cg==s an ionic bond (see below)
[q topic=”ionic bonds”]What’s the charge on a calcium ion?
[c]IEl0IGhhcyBubyBjaGFyZ2U=[Qq]
[c]ICsgMQ==[Qq]
[c]ICsg Mg==[Qq]
[c]IC0x[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBUaGUgZGlhZ3JhbSBzaG93cyBhwqBjYWxjaXVtIGlvbiB3aXRoIDIwIHByb3RvbnMsIGFuZMKgMTggZWxlY3Ryb25zICgyICsgOCArIDggPSAxOCkuwqBUaGUgY2hhcmdlIG9uIHRoZSBpb24gaXMgdGhlIG51bWJlciBvZiBwcm90b25zLCBtaW51cyB0aGUgbnVtYmVyIG9mIGVsZWN0cm9ucy4=[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBUaGUgZGlhZ3JhbSBpcyBzaG93aW5nIGNhbGNpdW0gd2l0aCAyMCBwcm90b25zLCBidXQgb25seSAxOCBlbGVjdHJvbnMuwqBUaGUgY2hhcmdlIG9uIHRoZSBpb24gaXMgdGhlIG51bWJlciBvZiBwcm90b25zLCBtaW51cyB0aGUgbnVtYmVyIG9mIGVsZWN0cm9ucy4=[Qq]
[f]IEV4Y2VsbGVudC4gVGhlIGRpYWdyYW0gaXMgc2hvd2luZyBjYWxjaXVtIHdpdGggMjAgcHJvdG9ucywgYnV0IG9ubHkgMTggZWxlY3Ryb25zLiBJdHMgY2hhcmdlIGhhcyB0byBiZSArMi4=
[f]IE5vLiBUaGUgZGlhZ3JhbSBpcyBzaG93aW5nIGNhbGNpdW0gd2l0aCAyMCBwcm90b25zLCBidXQgb25seSAxOCBlbGVjdHJvbnMuwqBUaGUgY2hhcmdlIG9uIHRoZSBpb24gaXMgdGhlIG51bWJlciBvZiBwcm90b25zLCBtaW51cyB0aGUgbnVtYmVyIG9mIGVsZWN0cm9ucy4=
Cg==wqA=[Qq]
[q topic=”covalent bonds and structural formulas”]The bonds holding methane together are ___________ bonds.
[c]aW9uaWM=[Qq]
[c]YXRvbWlj[Qq]
[c]aHlkcm9nZW4=[Qq]
[c]Y292YW xlbnQ=[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBJZiB5b3UgbG9vayBhdCB0aGUgZGlhZ3JhbSBhYm92ZSwgeW91IGNhbiBzZWUgdGhhdCBjYXJib24gYW5kIGh5ZHJvZ2VuIGFyZSBzaGFyaW5nIGVsZWN0cm9ucy4gVGhlIGJvbmQgdGhhdCBpbnZvbHZlcyBzaGFyaW5nIGVsZWN0cm9ucyBpcyBjb3ZhbGVudC7CoA==[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBmIHlvdSBsb29rIGF0IHRoZSBkaWFncmFtIGFib3ZlLCB5b3UgY2FuIHNlZSB0aGF0IGNhcmJvbiBhbmQgaHlkcm9nZW4gYXJlIHNoYXJpbmcgZWxlY3Ryb25zLiBUaGUgYm9uZCB0aGF0IGludm9sdmVzIHNoYXJpbmcgZWxlY3Ryb25zIGlzIGNvdmFsZW50LsKg[Qq]
[f]wqBOby4gSHlkcm9nZW4gYm9uZHMgYXJlIGJvbmRzIA==YmV0d2Vlbg==IG1vbGVjdWxlcy4gSWYgeW91IGxvb2sgYXQgdGhlIGRpYWdyYW0gYWJvdmUsIHlvdSBjYW4gc2VlIHRoYXQgY2FyYm9uIGFuZCBoeWRyb2dlbiBhcmUgc2hhcmluZyBlbGVjdHJvbnMuIFRoZSBib25kIHRoYXQgaW52b2x2ZXMgc2hhcmluZyBlbGVjdHJvbnMgaXMgY292YWxlbnQu[Qq]
[f]WWVzLiBJZiB5b3UgbG9vayBhdCB0aGUgZGlhZ3JhbSBhYm92ZSwgeW91IGNhbiBzZWUgdGhhdCBjYXJib24gYW5kIGh5ZHJvZ2VuIGFyZSBzaGFyaW5nIGVsZWN0cm9ucy4gVGhlIGJvbmQgdGhhdCBpbnZvbHZlcyBzaGFyaW5nIGVsZWN0cm9ucyBpcyBjb3ZhbGVudC4=
Cg==wqA=[Qq]
[q topic=”covalent bonds and structural formulas”]The bond between the two carbon atoms in the diagram below is a(n)
[c]aW9uaWMgYm9uZA==[Qq]
[c]c2luZ2xlIGNvdmFsZW50IGJvbmQ=[Qq]
[c]ZG91YmxlIGNvdm FsZW50IGJvbmQ=[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBJb25pYyBib25kcyBpbnZvbHZlIGF0b21zIHRoYXQgaGF2ZSB0cmFkZWQgZWxlY3Ryb25zLiBJbiB0aGlzIHN0cnVjdHVyYWwgZm9ybXVsYSBkaWFncmFtLCB0aGUgdHdvIGxpbmVzIGJldHdlZW4gdGhlIGNhcmJvbiBhdG9tcyAoaW5kaWNhdGVkIGJ5IGEgQw==KSBpbmRpY2F0ZSBhIGRvdWJsZSBjb3ZhbGVudCBib25kLCB3aGljaCBtZWFucyB0d28gc2hhcmVkIHBhaXJzIG9mIGVsZWN0cm9ucy7CoA==[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBJbiB0aGlzIHN0cnVjdHVyYWwgZm9ybXVsYSBkaWFncmFtLCB0aGUgdHdvIGxpbmVzIGJldHdlZW4gdGhlIGNhcmJvbiBhdG9tcyAoaW5kaWNhdGVkIGJ5IGEgQw==KSBpbmRpY2F0ZSBhIGRvdWJsZSBjb3ZhbGVudCBib25kLCB3aGljaCBtZWFucyB0d28gc2hhcmVkIHBhaXJzIG9mIGVsZWN0cm9ucy7CoA==[Qq]
[f]IFllcy4gSW4gdGhpcyBzdHJ1Y3R1cmFsIGZvcm11bGEgZGlhZ3JhbSwgdGhlIHR3byBsaW5lcyBiZXR3ZWVuIHRoZSBjYXJib24gYXRvbXMgKGluZGljYXRlZCBieSBhIA==Qw==KSBpbmRpY2F0ZSBhIGRvdWJsZSBjb3ZhbGVudCBib25kLCB3aGljaCBtZWFucyB0d28gc2hhcmVkIHBhaXJzIG9mIGVsZWN0cm9ucy4=
Cg==[Qq]
[q topic=”ionic bonds”]Of the following atoms, the one most likely to form an ionic bond is
[c]Rmx1b3 JpbmU=
Cg==[Qq]
[c]Q2FyYm9u
Cg==[Qq]
[c]Tml0cm9nZW4=
Cg==[Qq]
[f]IEV4YWN0bHkuIFdpdGggc2V2ZW4gZWxlY3Ryb25zIGluIGl0cyBvdXRlciBzaGVsbCwgZmx1b3JpbmUgaXMgdmVyeSBsaWtlbHkgdG8gYWNjZXB0IGEgc2luZ2xlIGVsZWN0cm9uLiBUaGF0IHdvdWxkIG1ha2UgZmx1b3JpbmUgYSBjaGFyZ2VkIGlvbiwgd2l0aCBhIC0xIGNoYXJnZSwgc2V0dGluZyBpdCB1cCB0byBmb3JtIGFuIGlvbmljIGJvbmQgd2l0aCBhIHBvc2l0aXZlIGlvbi7CoA==
Cg==![[Qq]](https://learn-biology.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/15_fluorine.png){kind=link}
[f]IE5vLiBDYXJib24gaGFzIGZvdXIgb3V0ZXIgZWxlY3Ryb25zLiBDYXJib24gbmV2ZXIgZ2l2ZXMgYXdheSBvciBhY2NlcHRzIGFkZGl0aW9uYWwgZWxlY3Ryb25zIHRvIGZvcm0gYW4gaW9uLiBJbnN0ZWFkLCBjYXJib24gc2hhcmVzIGVsZWN0cm9ucywgZm9ybWluZyBjb3ZhbGVudCBib25kcy7CoA==
Cg==![[Qq]](https://learn-biology.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/12_carbon.png){kind=link}
[f]IE5vLiBOaXRyb2dlbiBoYXMgZml2ZSBvdXRlciBlbGVjdHJvbnMuIE5pdHJvZ2VuJiM4MjE3O3MgbW9zdCBsaWtlbHkgbW92ZSBpcyB0byBzaGFyZSB0aGVzZSBlbGVjdHJvbnMgd2l0aCBvdGhlciBhdG9tcyAoaW5jbHVkaW5nIG90aGVyIG5pdHJvZ2VuIGF0b21zKSwgZm9ybWluZyBjb3ZhbGVudCBib25kcy4=
Cg==
[q topic=”covalent bonds and structural formulas”]Which of the diagrams below is a structural formula?
[c]
Cg==[Qq]
[c]
Cg ==[Qq]
[c]wqA=Q0g=NA==[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiBBIHN0cnVjdHVyYWwgZm9ybXVsYSBzaG93cyB0aGUgY2hlbWljYWwgc3ltYm9scyBmb3IgdGhlIGF0b21zIGluIGEgbW9sZWN1bGUgYW5kIHVzZXMgZGFzaGVzIHRvIHJlcHJlc2VudCB0aGUgc2hhcmVkIHBhaXJzIG9mIGVsZWN0cm9ucyB0aGF0IGNvbm5lY3QgdGhlc2UgYXRvbXMuIFRoZSBzdHJ1Y3R1cmFsIGZvcm11bGEgd2FzIHRoaXMgb25lOiA=[Qq]
[f]IFllcy4gSW4gdGhpcyBzdHJ1Y3R1cmFsIGZvcm11bGEgZGlhZ3JhbSwgdGhlIHR3byBsaW5lcyBiZXR3ZWVuIHRoZSBjYXJib24gYXRvbXMgKGluZGljYXRlZCBieSBhIA==Qw==KSBpbmRpY2F0ZSBhIGRvdWJsZSBjb3ZhbGVudCBib25kLCB3aGljaCBtZWFucyB0d28gc2hhcmVkIHBhaXJzIG9mIGVsZWN0cm9ucy7CoA==[Qq]
[f]IE5vLiAmIzgyMjA7Q0g=NA==JiM4MjIxOyBpcyBhIA==bW9sZWN1bGFyIG9yIA==[Qq]chemical formula. A structural formula shows the chemical symbols for the atoms in a molecule and uses dashes to represent the shared pairs of electrons that connect these atoms. The structural formula was this one:
[x]If you’re happy with your score, congratulations. If not, return to the Chemistry Tutorials Menu for more review.
[/qwiz]
3. Next steps
Congratulations. You’ve learned a good chunk of the basic chemistry that you’ll need to understand biology. Use the menus above to choose your next module