Animal Cells: Parts and Functions

[qwiz qrecord_id=”sciencemusicvideosMeister1961-Animal Cells (AP) I.R.”]

[h]Interactive Reading: A guided tour of an animal cell

[i]A general name for a cell part with a specific function is “organelle.” In what follows, we’ll review some key organelles, and see how they’re connected in a variety of systems. By the time you’re done with this reading and the quizzes that follow, you should be able to identify the name and function of each numbered part below.

[q]
We’ll start from the outside and work our way in. Number 2 is the cell membrane. Its function is to control what enters and leaves the cell.

Of the following choices, the one that best describes the job of the cell membrane would be a

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Cg==

[Qq]

[q]
Another key system inside the cell involves energy production. This system begins with the cytoplasm, which is at number 1. The cytoplasm is a gel-like liquid that holds the cell’s organelles, and it’s the site of many of the cell’s chemical reactions. One of the most important of these reactions is the breakdown of glucose (a simple sugar) to make ATP (the cell’s moment-to-moment energy source). This process begins with enzymes in the cytoplasm, then continues in number 7, the mitochondria.

If a cell were a city, the mitochondria would be like the

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[Qq]

[q]Production of useful energy in a cell begins in the ____________, and then continues in the mitochondria.

[hangman]

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[Qq]

[q]The cell’s moment-to-moment energy source is

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[Qq]

[q]
Here’s a cool fact about mitochondria. Each mitochondrion (singular of mitochondria) is practically a cell in its own right. Mitochondria can’t live independently, outside eukaryotic cells, but they have their own DNA, and they reproduce on their own, just like bacteria. It’s been proved that mitochondria are the descendants of once free-living prokaryotic cells that, billions of years ago, took up residence inside a larger cell. That partnership was the basis for all eukaryotic life (which includes, of course, humans like you and me).

Which number points to the mitochondria?

[textentry single_char=”true”]

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[Qq]

[q]
Another key system inside cells is the system for protein production. The cell’s protein factories are ribosomes, shown as tiny dots at number 6. Ribosomes receive chemical instructions from the nucleus (5). In response, they produce any protein that the cell needs.

If a cell were a business, the boss would be the

[hangman]

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[Qq]

[q]

Many ribosomes are embedded in a network of membrane-bound channels called the endoplasmic reticulum (E.R.), shown at number 9. The portion of the E.R. that contains ribosomes is called the rough E.R. Proteins that are made at the rough E.R. are usually destined for export from the cell, inclusion in the cell’s membrane, or enclosure within a lysosome (described below).

In the diagram above, ribosomes that are not embedded in the E.R. are shown at

[textentry single_char=”true”]

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[Qq]

[q]
In the diagram on  the right, the rough endoplasmic reticulum is shown at

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[Qq]

[q]
After proteins are released from the rough E.R., they usually proceed to the Golgi Apparatus, where they are modified before being sent to their final destination. The Golgi Apparatus is shown at number 3. If the cell were a city, the Golgi’s function would be most like the

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[q]
In the diagram at right, the Golgi apparatus is shown at

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[Qq]

[q]
Another key system involves the storage of genetic information and control of the cell. This function falls to the nucleus, shown at 5. The nucleus is the storehouse of the cell’s genetic information. This information is encoded in DNA, the molecule of heredity. Within the nucleus, DNA is organized into chromosomes, shown at number 4.

If a cell were a city, the nucleus would be like the

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[Qq]

[q]
In the diagram on the right, the chromosomes are shown at

[textentry single_char=”true”]

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[Qq]

[q]
In the diagram on the right, the nucleus is shown at

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[Qq]

[q]
The portion of the E.R. that doesn’t have ribosomes is called the smooth E.R. Enzymes in the smooth ER produce lipids, including phospholipids (which make up the cell membrane) and steroids.

Based on its description, which numbered arrow is pointing to the smooth ER? Type in a number.

[textentry suggest=”false”]

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[Qq]

[q]
The two following parts aren’t numbered (or even shown) in the diagram, but you should know their functions

• Lysosomes are involved with intracellular digestion and recycling of worn-out cell parts. Lysosomes are only found in animal cells.  
• Vacuoles are organelles used for temporary storage.

If a cell were a kitchen, the vacuoles would be like the

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[Qq]

[q]If a cell were a city, the lysosomes would be like the

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[/qwiz]

[qwiz style=”width: 528px; border: 2px solid black; ” quiz_timer=”true” qrecord_id=”sciencemusicvideosMeister1961-Animal Cells Parts and Functions Fill-in-the-Blanks”]

[h] Animal Cells Parts and Functions: Fill-in-the-Blanks

[i] Notice the timer on the top right. This activity, which plays like the game “Hangman,” will improve your knowledge of cell parts and functions. Work for speed and accuracy.

Biohaiku
Cells, with organelles
Basic units of all life
Can you name the parts?

[q]A general name for a cell part with a specific function is [hangman]

[c]b3JnYW5lbGxl

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[Qq]

[q]The part that surrounds the cytoplasm, and which controls what enters and leaves the cell is the cell [hangman]

[c]bWVtYnJhbmU=

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[Qq]

[q]The [hangman] is a gel-like liquid that holds the cell’s organelles and is the site of much cellular metabolism (chemical reactions).

[c]Y3l0b3BsYXNt

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[Qq]

[q]The internal network of membrane-bound channels that is the site of manufacturing, warehousing, sorting, and shipping of proteins is the [hangman] reticulum

[c]ZW5kb3BsYXNtaWM=

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[Qq]

[q]The internal network of membrane-bound channels that is studded with ribosomes is the [hangman] ER.

[c]cm91Z2g=

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[Qq]

[q]The flattened, membrane-bound sacs that modify, package, and sort the proteins they receive from the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) are known as the [hangman] apparatus.

[c]R29sZ2k=

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[Qq]

[q]The cell parts that create proteins based on instructions they receive from the nucleus are the [hangman].

[c]cmlib3NvbWVz

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[Qq]

[q]The organelles used for the temporary storage of materials in the cell are the [hangman]

[c]dmFjdW9sZXM=

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[Qq]

[q][hangman] are found only in animal cells. Their function is to digest food particles and to recycle worn-out cell parts.

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[Qq]

[q]The [hangman] contains the cell’s DNA, which is the genetic material of the cell. It’s surrounded by a membrane.

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[Qq]

[q]Within the nucleus, DNA is packaged into [hangman].

[c]Y2hyb21vc29tZXM=[Qq]

[q]The [hangman]’s function is to separate chromosomes during cell division.

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[Qq]

[q]The [hangman], found in both plant and animal cells, convert sugars to ATP, the cell’s immediate energy source.

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[q]The [hangman]  ER is responsible for making lipids.

[c]c21vb3Ro[Qq]

[x]

If you want more practice, please press the restart button below.
[restart]
[/qwiz]

[qwiz qrecord_id=”sciencemusicvideosMeister1961-Animal Cells (AP)MC”]

[h] Animal  Cell Parts Quiz

[i]The following will test you on animal cell parts, and their functions.

[q] In this diagram of an animal cell, which arrow is pointing to a centriole?

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Cg==[Qq]

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[Qq]

[q] In this diagram of an animal cell, which arrow is pointing to the nucleus?

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[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4gOCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIGNlbnRyaW9sZS4=wqAgSW4gdGhpcyBkaWFncmFtLCB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cyBpcyByZXByZXNlbnRlZCBhcyBhIHNwaGVyZSBpbiB0aGUgY2VudGVyIG9mIHRoZSBjZWxsLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgOSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgRS5SLiAoZW5kb3BsYXNtaWMgcmV0aWN1bHVtKS4gSW4gdGhpcyBkaWFncmFtLCB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cyBpcyByZXByZXNlbnRlZCBhcyBhIHNwaGVyZSBpbiB0aGUgY2VudGVyIG9mIHRoZSBjZWxsLg==[Qq]

[f]IFRlcnJpZmljISBOdW1iZXIgNSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cywgdGhlIGNlbGzigJlzIGNvbnRyb2wgY2VudGVyLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNiBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIGdyb3VwIG9mIHJpYm9zb21lcyBmbG9hdGluZyBpbiB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgY3l0b3BsYXNtLg==

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In this diagram of an animal cell, which arrow is pointing to the Golgi apparatus

[c]IDIgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDMgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDg=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiAyIGlzIHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIHRoZSBjZWxsIG1lbWJyYW5lLiBUbyBmaW5kIHRoZSBHb2xnaSBhcHBhcmF0dXMsIGxvb2sgZm9yIGEgc3RhY2sgb2YgZmxhdHRlbmVkIHNhY3MgaW4tYmV0d2VlbiB0aGUgRS5SLiBhbmQgdGhlIG1lbWJyYW5lLg==[Qq]

[f]IEV4Y2VsbGVudCEgMyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgR29sZ2kgYXBwYXJhdHVzLCB3aGljaCB5b3UgY29ycmVjdGx5IGlkZW50aWZpZWQgYXMgYmVpbmcgaW4tYmV0d2VlbiB0aGUgRS5SLiBhbmQgdGhlIG1lbWJyYW5lLiBUaGUgR29sZ2kgYWN0cyBhcyB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgcGFja2FnaW5nIGFuZCBzb3J0aW5nIGNlbnRlci4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cywgdGhlIGNlbGzigJlzIGNvbnRyb2wgY2VudGVyLiBUbyBmaW5kIHRoZSBHb2xnaSBhcHBhcmF0dXMsIGxvb2sgZm9yIGEgc3RhY2sgb2YgZmxhdHRlbmVkIHNhY3MgaW4tYmV0d2VlbiB0aGUgRS5SLiBhbmQgdGhlIG1lbWJyYW5lLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIG1pdG9jaG9uZHJpb24sIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBlbmVyZ3kgZmFjdG9yeS4gVG8gZmluZCB0aGUgR29sZ2kgYXBwYXJhdHVzLCBsb29rIGZvciBhIHN0YWNrIG9mIGZsYXR0ZW5lZCBzYWNzIGluLWJldHdlZW4gdGhlIEUuUi4gYW5kIHRoZSBtZW1icmFuZS4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgOCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgY2VudHJpb2xlLCB3aGljaCBwbGF5cyBhIGtleSByb2xlIGluIGNlbGwgZGl2aXNpb24uIFRvIGZpbmQgdGhlIEdvbGdpIGFwcGFyYXR1cywgbG9vayBmb3IgYSBzdGFjayBvZiBmbGF0dGVuZWQgc2FjcyBpbi1iZXR3ZWVuIHRoZSBFLlIuIGFuZCB0aGUgbWVtYnJhbmUu

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In this diagram of an animal cell, which arrow is pointing to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (E.R.)?

[c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDggwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDkgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDM=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4gVG8gZmluZCB0aGUgRS5SLiwgbG9vayBmb3IgYSB0aGluIGFuZCB3YXZ5IG5ldHdvcmsgb2YgbWVtYnJhbmVzIGp1c3Qgb3V0c2lkZSBvZiB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4=[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIG5vdCByaWdodC4gTnVtYmVyIDcgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gYSBtaXRvY2hvbmRyaW9uLiBUbyBmaW5kIHRoZSBFLlIuLCBsb29rIGZvciBhIHRoaW4gYW5kIHdhdnkgbmV0d29yayBvZiBtZW1icmFuZXMganVzdCBvdXRzaWRlIG9mIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgOCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIGNlbnRyaW9sZS4gVG8gZmluZCB0aGUgRS5SLiwgbG9vayBmb3IgYSB0aGluIGFuZCB3YXZ5IG5ldHdvcmsgb2YgbWVtYnJhbmVzIGp1c3Qgb3V0c2lkZSBvZiB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4=[Qq]

[f]IE5pY2Ugam9iISBUaGUgRS5SLiBpcyBhIHRoaW4gYW5kIHdhdnkgbmV0d29yayBvZiBtZW1icmFuZXMganVzdCBvdXRzaWRlIG9mIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgMyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgR29sZ2kgYXBwYXJhdHVzLiBUbyBmaW5kIHRoZSBFLlIuLCBsb29rIGZvciBhIHRoaW4gYW5kIHdhdnkgbmV0d29yayBvZiBtZW1icmFuZXMganVzdCBvdXRzaWRlIG9mIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzLg==

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In this diagram of an animal cell, which arrow is pointing to the cytoplasm?

[c]IDEgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDIgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDMgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDQgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDU=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IEV4YWN0bHkuIE51bWJlciAxIGlzIHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIHRoZSBjeXRvcGxhc20sIHdoaWNoIGNvbnNpc3RzIG9mIGV2ZXJ5dGhpbmcgaW5zaWRlIHRoZSBtZW1icmFuZS4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiAyIGlzIHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIHRoZSBjZWxsIG1lbWJyYW5lLCB0aGUgb3V0ZXIgYm91bmRhcnkgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwuIFRoZSBjeXRvcGxhc20gaXMgZXZlcnl0aGluZyBpbnNpZGUgdGhlIG1lbWJyYW5lLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgMyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgR29sZ2kgYm9keSAoYWxzbyBjYWxsZWQgdGhlIEdvbGdpIGFwcGFyYXR1cyBvciBHb2xnaSBjb21wbGV4KS4gVGhlIGN5dG9wbGFzbSBpcyBldmVyeXRoaW5nIGluc2lkZSB0aGUgbWVtYnJhbmUu[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIGNocm9tb3NvbWUuIFRoZSBjeXRvcGxhc20gaXMgZXZlcnl0aGluZyBpbnNpZGUgdGhlIG1lbWJyYW5lLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4gVGhlIGN5dG9wbGFzbSBpcyBldmVyeXRoaW5nIGluc2lkZSB0aGUgbWVtYnJhbmUu

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In this diagram of an animal cell, which arrow is pointing to a mitochondrion?

[c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDggwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDkgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDM=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4gVG8gZmluZCB0aGUgbWl0b2Nob25kcmlvbiwgbG9vayBmb3IgYW4gb3JnYW5lbGxlIHRoYXQgbG9va3MgbGlrZSBhIHNtYWxsIGJhY3RlcmlhbCBjZWxsICh3aGljaCBpbiBtYW55IHdheXMsIGlzIHdoYXQgbWl0b2Nob25kcmlhIGFyZSku[Qq]

[f]IEF3ZXNvbWUhIE51bWJlciA3IGlzIHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIGEgbWl0b2Nob25kcmlvbi4gVGhlIG1pdG9jaG9uZHJpYSBmdW5jdGlvbiBhcyB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgcG93ZXIgcGxhbnRzLiBJZiB0aGV5IGxvb2sgdG8geW91IGxpa2UgbGl0dGxlIGNlbGxzLCB0aGF04oCZcyBiZWNhdXNlIHRoZXkgb25jZSB3ZXJlIGluZGVwZW5kZW50IGNlbGxzLiBUaGlzIGlzIHRoZSB0aGVvcnkgb2YgZW5kb3N5bWJpb3NpcywgZGV2ZWxvcGVkIGJ5IEx5bm4gTWFyZ3VsaXMgYW5kIG5vdyB3aWRlbHkgYWNjZXB0ZWQu[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIG5vdCByaWdodC4gTnVtYmVyIDggaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gYSBjZW50cmlvbGUuIFRvIGZpbmQgdGhlIG1pdG9jaG9uZHJpb24sIGxvb2sgZm9yIGFuIG9yZ2FuZWxsZSB0aGF0IGxvb2tzIGxpa2UgYSBzbWFsbCBiYWN0ZXJpYWwgY2VsbCAod2hpY2ggaW4gbWFueSB3YXlzLCBpcyB3aGF0IG1pdG9jaG9uZHJpYSBhcmUpLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgOSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgZW5kb3BsYXNtaWMgcmV0aWN1bHVtLiBUbyBmaW5kIHRoZSBtaXRvY2hvbmRyaW9uLCBsb29rIGZvciBhbiBvcmdhbmVsbGUgdGhhdCBsb29rcyBsaWtlIGEgc21hbGwgYmFjdGVyaWFsIGNlbGwgKHdoaWNoIGluIG1hbnkgd2F5cywgaXMgd2hhdCBtaXRvY2hvbmRyaWEgYXJlKS4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgMyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgR29sZ2kgYXBwYXJhdHVzLiBUbyBmaW5kIHRoZSBtaXRvY2hvbmRyaW9uLCBsb29rIGZvciBhbiBvcmdhbmVsbGUgdGhhdCBsb29rcyBsaWtlIGEgc21hbGwgYmFjdGVyaWFsIGNlbGwgKHdoaWNoIGluIG1hbnkgd2F5cywgaXMgd2hhdCBtaXRvY2hvbmRyaWEgYXJlKS4=

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In this diagram of an animal cell, which arrow is pointing to the membrane?

[c]IDEgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDIgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDMgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDQgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDU=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIG5vdCByaWdodC4gTnVtYmVyIDEgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGN5dG9wbGFzbS4gVGhlIGNlbGwgbWVtYnJhbmUgaXMgdGhlIG91dGVyIGJvdW5kYXJ5IG9mIGFuIGFuaW1hbCBjZWxsLiBOZXh0IHRpbWUsIGNsaWNrIG9uIHNvbWV0aGluZyB0aGF0IGNvdWxkIGJlIHRoZSBvdXRlciBib3VuZGFyeS4=[Qq]

[f]IENvcnJlY3QuIE51bWJlciAyIGlzIHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBtZW1icmFuZS4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgMyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgR29sZ2kgYm9keSAoYWxzbyBjYWxsZWQgdGhlIEdvbGdpIGFwcGFyYXR1cyBvciBHb2xnaSBjb21wbGV4KS4gVGhlIGNlbGwgbWVtYnJhbmUgaXMgdGhlIG91dGVyIGJvdW5kYXJ5IG9mIGFuIGFuaW1hbCBjZWxsLiBOZXh0IHRpbWUsIGNsaWNrIG9uIHNvbWV0aGluZyB0aGF0IGNvdWxkIGJlIHRoZSBvdXRlciBib3VuZGFyeS4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIGNocm9tb3NvbWUuIFRoZSBjZWxsIG1lbWJyYW5lIGlzIHRoZSBvdXRlciBib3VuZGFyeSBvZiBhbiBhbmltYWwgY2VsbC4gTmV4dCB0aW1lLCBjbGljayBvbiBzb21ldGhpbmcgdGhhdCBjb3VsZCBiZSB0aGUgb3V0ZXIgYm91bmRhcnku[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4gVGhlIGNlbGwgbWVtYnJhbmUgaXMgdGhlIG91dGVyIGJvdW5kYXJ5IG9mIGFuIGFuaW1hbCBjZWxsLiBOZXh0IHRpbWUsIGNsaWNrIG9uIHNvbWV0aGluZyB0aGF0IGNvdWxkIGJlIHRoZSBvdXRlciBib3VuZGFyeS4=

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In this diagram of an animal cell, which arrow is pointing to a group of ribosomes floating in the cytoplasm?

[c]IDMgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDYgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDggwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDk=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgMyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgR29sZ2kgYXBwYXJhdHVzLiBJbiB0aGlzIGRpYWdyYW0sIHRoZSByaWJvc29tZXMgYXJlIHJlcHJlc2VudGVkIGFzIGEgZ3JvdXAgb2YgYmxhY2sgZG90cyBmbG9hdGluZyBhcm91bmQgaW4gdGhlIGN5dG9wbGFzbS4=[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDUgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIG51Y2xldXMuwqAgSW4gdGhpcyBkaWFncmFtLCB0aGUgcmlib3NvbWVzIGFyZSByZXByZXNlbnRlZCBhcyBhIGdyb3VwIG9mIGJsYWNrIGRvdHMgZmxvYXRpbmcgYXJvdW5kIGluIHRoZSBjeXRvcGxhc20u[Qq]

[f]IEZhYnVsb3VzISBUaGUgcmlib3NvbWVzLCB3aGljaCBhcmUgdGhlIGNlbGzigJlzIHByb3RlaW4gZmFjdG9yaWVzLCBhcmUgc2hvd24gYXQgbnVtYmVyIDYu[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgOCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIGNlbnRyaW9sZS4gSW4gdGhpcyBkaWFncmFtLCB0aGUgcmlib3NvbWVzIGFyZSByZXByZXNlbnRlZCBhcyBhIGdyb3VwIG9mIGJsYWNrIGRvdHMgZmxvYXRpbmcgYXJvdW5kIGluIHRoZSBjeXRvcGxhc20u[Qq]

[f]IE5vLCBidXQgdGhhdOKAmXMgYSB2ZXJ5IGdvb2QgYW5zd2VyLiA5IGlzIHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIHRoZSBlbmRvcGxhc21pYyByZXRpY3VsdW0uIFRoZSBlbmRvcGxhc21pYyByZXRpY3VsdW0gaXMgc3R1ZGRlZCB3aXRoIHJpYm9zb21lcyYjODIzMDtidXQgdGhleeKAmXJlIG5vdCBmbG9hdGluZyBmcmVlbHkgaW4gdGhlIGN5dG9wbGFzbS4gTG9vayBmb3IgYSBncm91cCBvZiBibGFjayBkb3RzIGZsb2F0aW5nIGFyb3VuZCBpbiB0aGUgY3l0b3BsYXNtLg==

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In this diagram of an animal cell, which arrow is pointing to a chromosome?

[c]IDggwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDkgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDEgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDMgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]ID Q=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgOCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIGNlbnRyaW9sZS4gVG8gZmluZCB0aGUgY2hyb21vc29tZXMsIGxvb2sgaW5zaWRlIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzLCBpbiB0aGUgY2VudGVybW9zdCBwYXJ0IG9mIHRoZSBjZWxsLg==[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDkgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIEUuUi4gKGVuZG9wbGFzbWljIHJldGljdWx1bSkuIFRvIGZpbmQgdGhlIGNocm9tb3NvbWVzLCBsb29rIGluc2lkZSB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cywgaW4gdGhlIGNlbnRlcm1vc3QgcGFydCBvZiB0aGUgY2VsbC4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgMSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgY3l0b3BsYXNtLiBUbyBmaW5kIHRoZSBjaHJvbW9zb21lcywgbG9vayBpbnNpZGUgdGhlIG51Y2xldXMsIGluIHRoZSBjZW50ZXJtb3N0IHBhcnQgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwu[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgMyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgR29sZ2kgYXBwYXJhdHVzLiBUbyBmaW5kIHRoZSBjaHJvbW9zb21lcywgbG9vayBpbnNpZGUgdGhlIG51Y2xldXMsIGluIHRoZSBjZW50ZXJtb3N0IHBhcnQgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwu[Qq]

[f]IFBlcmZlY3QhLiBOdW1iZXIgNCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIGNocm9tb3NvbWUsIHdoaWNoIGlzIGxvY2F0ZWQgaW5zaWRlIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzLiBDaHJvbW9zb21lcyBhcmUgcHJpbWFyaWx5IGNvbXBvc2VkIG9mIEROQSwgYW5kIHN0b3JlIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBnZW5ldGljIG1hdGVyaWFsLg==

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to the cell’s control center?

[c]IDUgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDggwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDkgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDM=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IFBlcmZlY3QhIE51bWJlciA1IGlzIHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzLCB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgY29udHJvbCBjZW50ZXIu[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgbWl0b2Nob25kcmlhLCB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgZW5lcmd5IGZhY3RvcnkuIFRoZSBhbnN3ZXIgdG8gdGhpcyBxdWVzdGlvbiBsaWVzIGluIHRoZSBjZW50ZXIgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwsIGluIHRoZSBvcmdhbmVsbGUgdGhhdCBjb250YWlucyB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgY2hyb21vc29tZXMu[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4=wqAgTnVtYmVyIDggaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbnRyaW9sZXMsIHdoaWNoIHBsYXkgYSBrZXkgcm9sZSBkdXJpbmcgY2VsbCBkaXZpc2lvbi4gVGhlIGFuc3dlciB0byB0aGlzIHF1ZXN0aW9uIGxpZXMgaW4gdGhlIGNlbnRlciBvZiB0aGUgY2VsbCwgaW4gdGhlIG9yZ2FuZWxsZSB0aGF0IGNvbnRhaW5zIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBjaHJvbW9zb21lcy4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgOSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgZW5kb3BsYXNtaWMgcmV0aWN1bHVtLCB3aGljaCBwbGF5cyBhIGtleSByb2xlIGluIGNyZWF0aW5nIHByb3RlaW5zIGZvciBleHBvcnQuIFRoZSBhbnN3ZXIgdG8gdGhpcyBxdWVzdGlvbiBsaWVzIGluIHRoZSBjZW50ZXIgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwsIGluIHRoZSBvcmdhbmVsbGUgdGhhdCBjb250YWlucyB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgY2hyb21vc29tZXMu[Qq]

[f]IE5vdCBxdWl0ZS4gTnVtYmVyIDMgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIEdvbGdpIGFwcGFyYXR1cywgd2hpY2ggcGFja2FnZXMgYW5kIG1vZGlmaWVzIHRoZSBwcm90ZWlucyBpdCByZWNlaXZlcyBmcm9tIEUuUi4gVGhlIGFuc3dlciB0byB0aGlzIHF1ZXN0aW9uIGxpZXMgaW4gdGhlIGNlbnRlciBvZiB0aGUgY2VsbCwgaW4gdGhlIG9yZ2FuZWxsZSB0aGF0IGNvbnRhaW5zIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBjaHJvbW9zb21lcy4=

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to a part that stores hereditary information?

[c]IDEgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDMgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDQgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDg=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIG5vdCByaWdodC4gTnVtYmVyIDEgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGN5dG9wbGFzbS7CoFRoZSBhbnN3ZXIgdG8gdGhpcyBxdWVzdGlvbiBpcyBpbnNpZGUgdGhlIG51Y2xldXMsIGluIHRoZSBjZW50ZXIgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwu[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgMyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgR29sZ2kgY29tcGxleCwgdGhlIGNlbGzigJlzIHBhY2thZ2luZyBhbmQgc29ydGluZyBjZW50ZXIuwqBUaGUgYW5zd2VyIHRvIHRoaXMgcXVlc3Rpb24gaXMgaW5zaWRlIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzLCBpbiB0aGUgY2VudGVyIG9mIHRoZSBjZWxsLg==[Qq]

[f]IEZhYnVsb3VzLg==wqAgTnVtYmVyIDQgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNocm9tb3NvbWVzLCB3aGljaCBzdG9yZSB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgaGVyZWRpdGFyeSBpbmZvcm1hdGlvbi4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIG1pdG9jaG9uZHJpb24sIG9uZSBvZiB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgZW5lcmd5IGZhY3Rvcmllcy7CoFRoZSBhbnN3ZXIgdG8gdGhpcyBxdWVzdGlvbiBpcyBpbnNpZGUgdGhlIG51Y2xldXMsIGluIHRoZSBjZW50ZXIgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwu[Qq]

[f]IE5vdCBxdWl0ZS4gTnVtYmVyIDggaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbnRyaW9sZXMsIHdoaWNoIHBsYXkgYSBrZXkgcm9sZSBpbiBjZWxsIGRpdmlzaW9uLsKgVGhlIGFuc3dlciB0byB0aGlzIHF1ZXN0aW9uIGlzIGluc2lkZSB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cywgaW4gdGhlIGNlbnRlciBvZiB0aGUgY2VsbC4=

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to the cell’s protein factories?

[c]IDQgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDYgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDggwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDI=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIG5vdCByaWdodC4gTnVtYmVyIDQgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNocm9tb3NvbWVzLCB3aGljaCBzdG9yZSBnZW5ldGljIGluZm9ybWF0aW9uLiBUaGUgcHJvdGVpbiBmYWN0b3JpZXMgdGhhdCB5b3UmIzgyMTc7cmUgbG9va2luZyBmb3IgYXJlIGluIHRoZSBjeXRvcGxhc20gYW5kIG9uIHRoZSByb3VnaCBFLlIuIGFuZCB0aGV5JiM4MjE3O3JlwqBtdWNoIHNtYWxsZXIgdGhhbiB0aGUgb3RoZXIgb3JnYW5lbGxlcyBpbiB0aGUgY2VsbC4=[Qq]

[f]IEZhYnVsb3VzIS4gTnVtYmVyIDYgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIHJpYm9zb21lcy4=[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4=wqAgTnVtYmVyIDcgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gYSBtaXRvY2hvbmRyaW9uLiBNaXRvY2hvbmRyaWEgZnVuY3Rpb24gYXMgdGhlIGNlbGzigJlzIGVuZXJneSBmYWN0b3JpZXMuwqBUaGUgcHJvdGVpbiBmYWN0b3JpZXMgdGhhdCB5b3UmIzgyMTc7cmUgbG9va2luZyBmb3IgYXJlIGluIHRoZSBjeXRvcGxhc20gYW5kIG9uIHRoZSByb3VnaCBFLlIuIGFuZCB0aGV5JiM4MjE3O3JlwqBtdWNoIHNtYWxsZXIgdGhhbiB0aGUgb3RoZXIgb3JnYW5lbGxlcyBpbiB0aGUgY2VsbC4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgOCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgY2VudHJpb2xlLCB3aGljaCBwbGF5cyBhIGtleSByb2xlIGR1cmluZyBjZWxsIGRpdmlzaW9uLsKgVGhlIHByb3RlaW4gZmFjdG9yaWVzIHRoYXQgeW91JiM4MjE3O3JlIGxvb2tpbmcgZm9yIGFyZSBpbiB0aGUgY3l0b3BsYXNtIGFuZCBvbiB0aGUgcm91Z2ggRS5SLiBhbmQgdGhleSYjODIxNztyZcKgbXVjaCBzbWFsbGVyIHRoYW4gdGhlIG90aGVyIG9yZ2FuZWxsZXMgaW4gdGhlIGNlbGwu[Qq]

[f]IE5vdCBxdWl0ZS4gTnVtYmVyIDIgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbGwgbWVtYnJhbmUsIHdoaWNoIGNvbnRyb2xzIHdoYXQgZW50ZXJzIGFuZCBsZWF2ZXMgdGhlIGNlbGwuwqBUaGUgcHJvdGVpbiBmYWN0b3JpZXMgdGhhdCB5b3UmIzgyMTc7cmUgbG9va2luZyBmb3IgYXJlIGluIHRoZSBjeXRvcGxhc20gYW5kIG9uIHRoZSByb3VnaCBFLlIuIGFuZCB0aGV5JiM4MjE3O3JlwqBtdWNoIHNtYWxsZXIgdGhhbiB0aGUgb3RoZXIgb3JnYW5lbGxlcyBpbiB0aGUgY2VsbC4=

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to the part that creates proteins for export, or inclusion in lysosomes?

[c]IDMgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDggwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]ID k=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vdCBxdWl0ZS4gTnVtYmVyIDMgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIEdvbGdpIGFwcGFyYXR1cywgd2hpY2ggcGFja2FnZXMgYW5kIG1vZGlmaWVzIHRoZSBwcm90ZWlucyBpdCByZWNlaXZlcyBmcm9tIHRoZSBlbmRvcGxhc21pYyByZXRpY3VsdW0gKEUuUikuIFlvdSYjODIxNztyZSBsb29raW5nIGZvciBhIG5ldHdvcmsgb2YgaW50ZXJuYWwgbWVtYnJhbmVzLCB0aGUgaW5uZXIgcGFydCBvZiB3aGljaCBpcyBzdHVkZGVkIHdpdGggcmlib3NvbWVzLg==[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDUgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIG51Y2xldXMsIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBjb250cm9sIGNlbnRlci4gWW91JiM4MjE3O3JlIGxvb2tpbmcgZm9yIGEgbmV0d29yayBvZiBpbnRlcm5hbCBtZW1icmFuZXMsIHRoZSBpbm5lciBwYXJ0IG9mIHdoaWNoIGlzIHN0dWRkZWQgd2l0aCByaWJvc29tZXMu[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgbWl0b2Nob25kcmlhLCB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgZW5lcmd5IGZhY3RvcnkuwqBZb3UmIzgyMTc7cmUgbG9va2luZyBmb3IgYSBuZXR3b3JrIG9mIGludGVybmFsIG1lbWJyYW5lcywgdGhlIGlubmVyIHBhcnQgb2Ygd2hpY2ggaXMgc3R1ZGRlZCB3aXRoIHJpYm9zb21lcy4=[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDggaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbnRyaW9sZXMsIHdoaWNoIHBsYXkgYSBrZXkgcm9sZSBkdXJpbmcgY2VsbCBkaXZpc2lvbi7CoFlvdSYjODIxNztyZSBsb29raW5nIGZvciBhIG5ldHdvcmsgb2YgaW50ZXJuYWwgbWVtYnJhbmVzLCB0aGUgaW5uZXIgcGFydCBvZiB3aGljaCBpcyBzdHVkZGVkIHdpdGggcmlib3NvbWVzLg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIGNvcnJlY3QhIE51bWJlciA5IGlzIHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIHRoZSBlbmRvcGxhc21pYyByZXRpY3VsdW0sIG9yIEUuUi4gVGhlIEUuUi4gaGFzIHR3byByZWdpb25zOiB0aGUgcm91Z2ggRS5SLiBpcyBzdHVkZGVkIHdpdGggcmlib3NvbWVzLCBhbmQgcHJvZHVjZXMgcHJvdGVpbnMgZm9yIGluY2x1c2lvbiBpbiBseXNvc29tZXMsIG9yIGV4cG9ydCBmcm9tIHRoZSBjZWxsLiBUaGUgc21vb3RoIEUuUi4gbGFja3Mgcmlib3NvbWVzIGFuZCBpcyBpbnZvbHZlZCBpbiBsaXBpZCBzeW50aGVzaXMu

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to one of the cell’s “energy factories,” the job of which is to create ATP (the cell’s immediate energy source)?

[c]IDIgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDMgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDk=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIG5vdCByaWdodC4gTnVtYmVyIDIgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbGwgbWVtYnJhbmUsIHdoaWNoIGNvbnRyb2xzIHdoYXQgZW50ZXJzIGFuZCBsZWF2ZXMgdGhlIGNlbGwuIE5leHQgdGltZSB5b3Ugc2VlIHRoaXMgcXVlc3Rpb24sIGxvb2sgZm9yIGEgbnVtYmVyIHRoYXQgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gYW4gb3JnYW5lbGxlIHRoYXQgbG9va3MgbGlrZSBhIHNtYWxsIGJhY3RlcmlhbCBjZWxsLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgMyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgR29sZ2kgYXBwYXJhdHVzLCB3aGljaCBwYWNrYWdlcyBhbmQgbW9kaWZpZXMgdGhlIHByb3RlaW5zIGl0IHJlY2VpdmVzIGZyb20gRS5SLiDCoE5leHQgdGltZSB5b3Ugc2VlIHRoaXMgcXVlc3Rpb24sIGxvb2sgZm9yIGEgbnVtYmVyIHRoYXQgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gYW4gb3JnYW5lbGxlIHRoYXQgbG9va3MgbGlrZSBhIHNtYWxsIGJhY3RlcmlhbCBjZWxsLg==[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDUgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIG51Y2xldXMsIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBjb250cm9sIGNlbnRlci7CoE5leHQgdGltZSB5b3Ugc2VlIHRoaXMgcXVlc3Rpb24sIGxvb2sgZm9yIGEgbnVtYmVyIHRoYXQgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gYW4gb3JnYW5lbGxlIHRoYXQgbG9va3MgbGlrZSBhIHNtYWxsIGJhY3RlcmlhbCBjZWxsLg==[Qq]

[f]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[Qq]

[f]IE5vdCBxdWl0ZS4gTnVtYmVyIDkgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGVuZG9wbGFzbWljIHJldGljdWx1bSwgd2hpY2ggcGxheXMgYSBrZXkgcm9sZSBpbiBjcmVhdGluZyBwcm90ZWlucyBmb3IgZXhwb3J0LsKgTmV4dCB0aW1lIHlvdSBzZWUgdGhpcyBxdWVzdGlvbiwgbG9vayBmb3IgYSBudW1iZXIgdGhhdCBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhbiBvcmdhbmVsbGUgdGhhdCBsb29rcyBsaWtlIGEgc21hbGwgYmFjdGVyaWFsIGNlbGwu

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to the part that creates the spindle, the structure that separates chromosomes during cell division?

[c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDggwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDkgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDM=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDUgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIG51Y2xldXMsIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBjb250cm9sIGNlbnRlci4gTmV4dCB0aW1lIHlvdSBzZWUgdGhpcyBxdWVzdGlvbiwgbG9vayBmb3IgdGhlIGNlbnRyaW9sZXMsIHdoaWNoIGxvb2sgbGlrZSB0d28gcGVycGVuZGljdWxhciBhcnJheXMgb2YgcHJvdGVpbiBmaWJlcnMu[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgbWl0b2Nob25kcmlhLCB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgZW5lcmd5IGZhY3RvcnkuIE5leHQgdGltZSB5b3Ugc2VlIHRoaXMgcXVlc3Rpb24sIGxvb2sgZm9yIHRoZSBjZW50cmlvbGVzLCB3aGljaCBsb29rIGxpa2UgdHdvIHBlcnBlbmRpY3VsYXIgYXJyYXlzIG9mIHByb3RlaW4gZmliZXJzLg==[Qq]

[f]IEF3ZXNvbWUhIE51bWJlciA4IGlzIHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIHRoZSBjZW50cmlvbGVzLg==[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDkgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGVuZG9wbGFzbWljIHJldGljdWx1bSwgd2hpY2ggcGxheXMgYSBrZXkgcm9sZSBpbiBjcmVhdGluZyBwcm90ZWlucyBmb3IgZXhwb3J0LiBOZXh0IHRpbWUgeW91IHNlZSB0aGlzIHF1ZXN0aW9uLCBsb29rIGZvciB0aGUgY2VudHJpb2xlcywgd2hpY2ggbG9vayBsaWtlIHR3byBwZXJwZW5kaWN1bGFyIGFycmF5cyBvZiBwcm90ZWluIGZpYmVycy4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vdCBxdWl0ZS4gTnVtYmVyIDMgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIEdvbGdpIGFwcGFyYXR1cywgd2hpY2ggcGFja2FnZXMgYW5kIG1vZGlmaWVzIHRoZSBwcm90ZWlucyBpdCByZWNlaXZlcyBmcm9tIEUuUi4gTmV4dCB0aW1lIHlvdSBzZWUgdGhpcyBxdWVzdGlvbiwgbG9vayBmb3IgdGhlIGNlbnRyaW9sZXMsIHdoaWNoIGxvb2sgbGlrZSB0d28gcGVycGVuZGljdWxhciBhcnJheXMgb2YgcHJvdGVpbiBmaWJlcnMu

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to the selectively permeable barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell?

[c]IDEgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDIgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDk=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIG5vdCByaWdodC4gTnVtYmVyIDEgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbGzigJlzIGN5dG9wbGFzbSwgdGhlIHByaW1hcnkgc2l0ZSBmb3IgdGhlIGNlbGzigJlzIG1ldGFib2xpYyByZWFjdGlvbnMuIFRoZSBwYXJ0IHRoYXQgY29udHJvbHMgd2hhdCBlbnRlcnMgYW5kIGxlYXZlcyB0aGUgY2VsbCBoYXMgdG8gYmUgb24gdGhlIG91dHNpZGUsIHNvIG5leHQgdGltZSwgc2VsZWN0IG9uZSBvZiB0aGUgb3V0ZXJtb3N0IHBhcnRzLg==[Qq]

[f]IFRlcnJpZmljISBOdW1iZXIgMiBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgbWVtYnJhbmUsIHdoaWNoIGlzIHRoZSBzZWxlY3RpdmVseSBwZXJtZWFibGUgYmFycmllciB0aGF0IGNvbnRyb2xzIHdoYXQgZW50ZXJzIGFuZCBsZWF2ZXMgdGhlIGNlbGwu[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIGluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDUgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIG51Y2xldXMsIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBjb250cm9sIGNlbnRlci7CoFRoZSBwYXJ0IHRoYXQgY29udHJvbHMgd2hhdCBlbnRlcnMgYW5kIGxlYXZlcyB0aGUgY2VsbCBoYXMgdG8gYmUgb24gdGhlIG91dHNpZGUsIHNvIG5leHQgdGltZSwgc2VsZWN0IG9uZSBvZiB0aGUgb3V0ZXJtb3N0IHBhcnRzLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIG1pdG9jaG9uZHJpb24sIG9uZSBvZiB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgZW5lcmd5IGZhY3Rvcmllcy7CoFRoZSBwYXJ0IHRoYXQgY29udHJvbHMgd2hhdCBlbnRlcnMgYW5kIGxlYXZlcyB0aGUgY2VsbCBoYXMgdG8gYmUgb24gdGhlIG91dHNpZGUsIHNvIG5leHQgdGltZSwgc2VsZWN0IG9uZSBvZiB0aGUgb3V0ZXJtb3N0IHBhcnRzLg==[Qq]

[f]IE5vdCBjb3JyZWN0LiBOdW1iZXIgOSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgZW5kb3BsYXNtaWMgcmV0aWN1bHVtLiBXaGlsZSB0aGUgZW5kb3BsYXNtaWMgaXMsIGVzc2VudGlhbGx5LCBhbiBpbnRlcm5hbCBtZW1icmFuZSBzeXN0ZW0sIGl04oCZcyBub3QgdGhlIG1lbWJyYW5lIHRoYXTigJlzIGNvbnRyb2xsaW5nIHdoYXQgZW50ZXJzIGFuZCBsZWF2ZXMgdGhlIGNlbGwuwqBUaGUgcGFydCB0aGF0IGNvbnRyb2xzIHdoYXQgZW50ZXJzIGFuZCBsZWF2ZXMgdGhlIGNlbGwgaGFzIHRvIGJlIG9uIHRoZSBvdXRzaWRlLCBzbyBuZXh0IHRpbWUsIHNlbGVjdCBvbmUgb2YgdGhlIG91dGVybW9zdCBwYXJ0cy4=

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to the part that is the site of most of the cell’s metabolism (chemical reactions)?

[c]IDMgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDQgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDEgwqAg wqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDI=

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIG5vdCByaWdodC4gTnVtYmVyIDMgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIEdvbGdpIGFwcGFyYXR1cywgdGhlIGZ1bmN0aW9uIG9mIHdoaWNoIGlzIHRvIHBhY2thZ2UgYW5kIHNvcnQgdGhlIHByb3RlaW5zIGl0IHJlY2VpdmVzIGZyb20gdGhlIGVuZG9wbGFzbWljIHJldGljdWx1bS7CoE1vc3Qgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwmIzgyMTc7cyBjaGVtaWNhbCByZWFjdGlvbnMgb2NjdXIgaW4gdGhlIGNsZWFyIGZsdWlkIGJldHdlZW4gdGhlIG1lbWJyYW5lIGFuZCB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4gV2hhdCBwYXJ0IGlzIHRoYXQ/[Qq]

[f]IEluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDQgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gYSBjaHJvbW9zb21lLiBDaHJvbW9zb21lcyBzdG9yZSBoZXJlZGl0YXJ5IGluZm9ybWF0aW9uLsKgTW9zdCBvZiB0aGUgY2VsbCYjODIxNztzIGNoZW1pY2FsIHJlYWN0aW9ucyBvY2N1ciBpbiB0aGUgY2xlYXIgZmx1aWQgYmV0d2VlbiB0aGUgbWVtYnJhbmUgYW5kIHRoZSBudWNsZXVzLiBXaGF0IHBhcnQgaXMgdGhhdD8=[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIGluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDcgcG9pbnRzIHRvIGEgbWl0b2Nob25kcmlvbiwgd2hpY2ggc2VydmVzIGFzIHRoZSBjZWxs4oCZcyBlbmVyZ3kgZmFjdG9yeS7CoE1vc3Qgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwmIzgyMTc7cyBjaGVtaWNhbCByZWFjdGlvbnMgb2NjdXIgaW4gdGhlIGNsZWFyIGZsdWlkIGJldHdlZW4gdGhlIG1lbWJyYW5lIGFuZCB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4gV2hhdCBwYXJ0IGlzIHRoYXQ/[Qq]

[f]IEV4Y2VsbGVudC4gTnVtYmVyIDEgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbGzigJlzIGN5dG9wbGFzbSwgd2hpY2ggaXMgd2hlcmUgbWFueSBvZiB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgY2hlbWljYWzCoHJlYWN0aW9ucyBvY2N1ci4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vdCBjb3JyZWN0LiBOdW1iZXIgMiBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgY2VsbCBtZW1icmFuZSwgd2hpY2ggY29udHJvbHMgd2hhdCBlbnRlcnMgYW5kIGxlYXZlcyB0aGUgY2VsbC7CoE1vc3Qgb2YgdGhlIGNlbGwmIzgyMTc7cyBjaGVtaWNhbCByZWFjdGlvbnMgb2NjdXIgaW4gdGhlIGNsZWFyIGZsdWlkIGJldHdlZW4gdGhlIG1lbWJyYW5lIGFuZCB0aGUgbnVjbGV1cy4gV2hhdCBwYXJ0IGlzwqB0aGF0Pw==

Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to the organelle that packages and sorts proteins?

[c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDggwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDkgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]ID M=

Cg==[Qq]

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[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIGluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDggaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbnRyaW9sZSwgd2hpY2ggcGxheXMgYSBtYWpvciByb2xlIGluIHNlcGFyYXRpbmcgdGhlIGNocm9tb3NvbWVzIGR1cmluZyBjZWxsIGRpdmlzaW9uLsKgTmV4dCB0aW1lIHlvdSBzZWUgdGhpcyBxdWVzdGlvbiwgc2VsZWN0IHRoZSBhcnJvdyBwb2ludGluZyB0b8Kgd2hhdMKgbG9va3MgbGlrZSBhIHN0YWNrIG9mIGZsYXR0ZW5lZCBzYWNzIGluLWJldHdlZW4gdGhlIEUuUi4gYW5kIHRoZSBjZWxsIG1lbWJyYW5lLg==[Qq]

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Cg==

[Qq]

[q] In the animal cell diagram shown below, which part is pointing to the organelle that synthesizes (chemically creates) lipids?

[c]IDUgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDcgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDggwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]IDkgwqAgwqDCoA==[Qq][c]wqAx MA==

Cg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIG5vdCByaWdodC4gTnVtYmVyIDUgaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbGzigJlzIG51Y2xldXMuIE5leHQgdGltZSB5b3Ugc2VlIHRoaXMgcXVlc3Rpb24sIHNlbGVjdCB0aGUgYXJyb3cgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG/CoEVSIHRoYXQgZG9lc24mIzgyMTc7dCBoYXZlIHJpYm9zb21lcy4=[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgNyBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBhIG1pdG9jaG9uZHJpb24sIG9uZSBvZiB0aGUgY2VsbOKAmXMgZW5lcmd5IGZhY3Rvcmllcy4gTmV4dCB0aW1lIHlvdSBzZWUgdGhpcyBxdWVzdGlvbiwgc2VsZWN0IHRoZSBhcnJvdyBwb2ludGluZyB0byBFUiB0aGF0IGRvZXNuJiM4MjE3O3QgaGF2ZSByaWJvc29tZXMu[Qq]

[f]IFRoYXTigJlzIGluY29ycmVjdC4gTnVtYmVyIDggaXMgcG9pbnRpbmcgdG8gdGhlIGNlbnRyaW9sZSwgd2hpY2ggcGxheXMgYSBtYWpvciByb2xlIGluIHNlcGFyYXRpbmcgdGhlIGNocm9tb3NvbWVzIGR1cmluZyBjZWxsIGRpdmlzaW9uLiBOZXh0IHRpbWUgeW91IHNlZSB0aGlzIHF1ZXN0aW9uLCBzZWxlY3QgdGhlIGFycm93IHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIEVSIHRoYXQgZG9lc24mIzgyMTc7dCBoYXZlIHJpYm9zb21lcy7CoA==[Qq]

[f]IE5vLiBOdW1iZXIgOSBpcyBwb2ludGluZyB0byB0aGUgZW5kb3BsYXNtaWMgcmV0aWN1bHVtLCB3aGljaCBjcmVhdGVzIHByb3RlaW5zIGZvciBleHBvcnQsIG9yIGluY29ycG9yYXRpb24gaW50byBhIGx5c29zb21lLiBOZXh0IHRpbWUgeW91IHNlZSB0aGlzIHF1ZXN0aW9uLCBzZWxlY3QgdGhlIGFycm93IHBvaW50aW5nIHRvIEVSIHRoYXQgZG9lc24mIzgyMTc7dCBoYXZlIHJpYm9zb21lcy4=[Qq]

[f]IEV4YWN0bHkhIE51bWJlciAxMMKgaXMgdGhlIHNtb290aCBFUiwgd2hpY2ggKGFtb25nIGl0cyBvdGhlciBmdW5jdGlvbnMpIHN5bnRoZXNpemVzIGxpcGlkcyAoc3VjaCBhcyBwaG9zcGhvbGlwaWRzIGFuZCBzdGVyb2lkcyku[Qq]

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